'''Tenedos''', known as '''Bozcaada''' officially and by its Turkish inhabitants, (Greek language|Greek: {{polytonic|???????}}, ''Tenedhos''), is a small island in the Aegean Sea, part of Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale Provinces of Turkey|province in Turkey. Bozcaada/Tenedos has a population of about 2,500. The main industries of Tenedos, and neighboring Imbros are fishing and tourism. The grapes, wines and red poppies of Tenedos have been famous for centuries. The population is mostly Turkish but there are still about 30 Greeks on Tenedos.

Tenedos is roughly triangular shaped. Its area is 39 km² (15 sq mi). It is surrounded by small islet.

It is situated close to the entrance of Dardanelles, hence has a strategic position which shaped its hisory.

Bozcaada is a district of Çanakkale Province of Turkey.

Tenedos was already an established sanctuary of Apollo in the eighth century BC, as shown by the Homeric formula for the god: "Lord Supreme of Tenedos" (''Iliad'' I).

According to Greek mythology, the name "Tenedos" is derived from the eponymous hero Tenes, who ruled the island at the time of the Trojan War and was killed by Achilles; Philoctetes was abandoned on Tenedos. In Virgil's ''Aeneid'', Tenedos is described as the island in whose bay the Achaeans hid their fleet near the end of the Trojan War in order to trick the Troy|Trojans into believing the war was over and allowing the Trojans to take the Trojan Horse within their city walls.

In Ancient Greece|ancient Greek history, there was an Aeolians|Aeolian settlement on Tenedos; it was conquered by Persian Empire, there was a naval battle between Gaius Valerius Triarius|C. Valerius Triarius and Mithridates' fleet off the island. In Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias' time, Tenedos was subject to Alexandria Troas.

Athenaeus remarks on the beauty of the women of Tenedos, and on its marjoram; Pindar also loved Theoxenus of Tenedos.Athenaeus, ''Deipnosophistae'' 13, 609-10; 1, 28. LCL Vol VI, 285-7; I, 123. Marjoram is Prof. Gulick's version of ''origanon''. Theoxenus, and the lyric of Pindar, are at 13, 601 (VI, 239-241)

The island was acquired by Venice|Venetians from the Byzantine Empire in 1377, but after a conflict with the Genoese, they ceded it to Savoy and evacuated it in 1381. The Pope decided that the castle on Tenedos should be demolished, rather than be a source of contention between the two cities; 4000 Greek islanders from Tenedos were resettled in Crete and Euboea. The Spanish traveller Ruy Gonzáles de Clavijo|Clavijo visited the island in 1401, and wrote that it was deserted, but he found many vineyards, fruit trees, rabbits and the ruins of a great castle. Another Spanish traveller, Pero Tafur, visited the island in 1437 and found it deserted, with many rabbits, the vineyards covering the island still uncultivated, but the port well-maintained. He mentions frequent Turkish attacks on European shipping in the harbor, now that the Castle now longer existed.

In the middle of 15th century, during the reign of Mehmet II, the Ottoman navy used the island as a supply base. The Venetians, realizing the strategic importance of island, deployed forces on it. In 1464, Ottoman Admiral Mahmud Pasha recaptured the island. During the Ottoman regime, the island was repopulated (by granting a tax exemption) and reengagaed with its traditional economic activities. Ottoman traveller Evliya Çelebi wrote in the 16th century that the finest wines in the world were being produced in Bozcaada. Ottomans rebuilt the castle as well. ''Bozcaada'', the name of the island in Turkish, is attested from the 16th century map of Piri Reis.

The Venetians were able to control the island for a brief period once more, however, after the Battle of the Dardanelles in 1657, the Ottoman Empire took it back. In the 19th century Russians repeatedly captured Tenedos during the Russo-Turkish Wars and they used it as their military base to achieve the victories at Battle of the Dardanelles (1807)|the Dardanelles and Battle of Athos|Athos; but they could not hold it. The Ottomans adopted the Byzantine practice of using islands as places for the internal exile of state prisoners, such as Constantine Mourousis.

Traditional economical activities are fishing and wine production. Most of the cultivated lands are covered with vineyards. Grape harvest festivities are held on 26-27 July.

Tourism was an important activity since 1970's but it developed rapidly from 1990's onwards. Long and fine beaches and the historical town of the island attract Turkish and foreign tourists. Residents hire parts of their houses as pensions. There also are small hotels.

Red poppies of the island are used to produce small quantities of sharbat and jam.

In year 2000, a wind farm of 17 turbines was erected at the western cape. It produces 10.2 MW energy, much more than the need of island. Excess power is transferred to mainland Anatolia.